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Ciudad Amurallada. Foto: SSClasespañol |
The past tenses in Spanish is one of the most difficult topics to learn for many students. That´s why this post is about two combinations of past: Pretérito perfecto ( present perfect) and preterito indefinido ( preterit). Reading real material is one good way to master this topics. You, as a student need many input for this kind of topics.
This Cartagena newspaper offers a good example. Analize the following paragraph:
La Alcaldía de Cartagena informó que a la fecha ha entregado 21.682 ayudas humanitarias en más de 30 sectores de la ciudad, desde que empezó la cuarentena por el COVID-19.or this another example:
Entre el Miércoles y Jueves Santo, el Distrito ha hecho presencia también en los barrios 20 de Julio, Paraíso, Virgen del Carmen y República del Caribe. Se entregaron mercados en el cabildo indígena de Membrillal, en el ancianato Santa Rita y en un sector conocido como Mi Finquita, aledaño al barrio Colombiatón.Alcaldía de Cartagena: “Hemos entregado 21.682 ayudas humanitarias” (Clink here to read the whole news)
Indefinite: Remember you use it everytime you explain something that happened in specific moment in the past. It happened just specific period. You don´t show repetition of the action or ongoing activity.
La Alcaldía de Cartagena informó - the Town Hall informed: that means in a certain moment in the past, before the news was published.
Se entregaron mercados en el cabildo indígena de Membrillal - groceries were given to Membrillal indiginous group: That means those groceries were already given before they posted the news. In a puntual moment in the past.
BUT
Perfecto: In Colombian Spanish when the action is not totally in the past and you still can notice the consecuence in the present , we use pretérito perfecto . As a matter of fact. It´s very similar the ways English speakers use present perfect in English. That´s the reason the journalist says: a la fecha ha entregado 21.682 ayudas humanitarias - pay attention to a la fecha it´s the key word to help you to understand why they change the past tense . A la fecha, means so far or until this moment. ¡ see! the action is not shown as full completed. They are still giving this kind of help.
¿ Is it clearer now? Do you need more examples? Look at this example where you can find present perfect, indefinite and imperfect
Remember. Read newspapers, magazines in Spanish. Listen music or watch TV in Spanish . You will learn a more realistic Spanish.
"Afirmó que el gobierno ha orientado el 7% de la cotización de la administración de riesgos laborales a la compra de elementos de protección. “Hoy se ha firmado un decreto que veníamos trabajando desde varias semanas bajo el cual se declara la enfermedad covid-19 como una enfermedad profesional para todos los trabajadores del área de la salud”, incluyendo al personal asistencial y administrativo que trabaja en hospitales. " https://www.elcolombiano.com/colombia/william-gutierrez-segundo-medico-que-fallecio-por-coronavirus-en-colombia-DN12790773
Remember. Read newspapers, magazines in Spanish. Listen music or watch TV in Spanish . You will learn a more realistic Spanish.
#learnspanish #spanisincolombia #spanishincartagena #contrastedepasados #indefinidovsimperfecto
NOTE: English is not my native language, please if you find any mistake, please let me know and I will correct it. Thanks.
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